Note

Gonatus steenstrupi: Description continued

Michael Vecchione and Richard E. Young
  1. Arms
    1. Arm formula: II>IV>II>I
    2. Armature in four series: arms I-III with 2 medial series of hooks and 2 marginal series of suckers; arm IV with suckers only.
    3. Arm suckers with about 23 teeth and cusps; pointed teeth distally grading to very small cusps proximally.
    4. Suckers of medial series of arms IV largest.
    5. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral views of large arm suckers of G. steenstrupi. Left - Marginal sucker of arm III. Right - Arm IV sucker. Drawings from Kristensen (1981).

  2. Tentacles
    1. Primary locking-apparatus with 4 thick ridges with 5 medial suckers and alternating knobs.
    2. Largest suckers of ventral-marginal series with 23 teeth and cusps; long pointed teeth on distal margin of inner ring grading to small teeth or cusps proximally.These suckers slightly smaller than largest arm suckers.
    3. Dorsal margin of tentacular stalk with series of alternating suckers and pads along most of stalk length; distal five suckers each with additional small, thick ridge.
    4. Ventral margin of tentacular stalk with single series of suckers along most of stalk length. Number of suckers slightly fewer than of those in dorsal series.
    5. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral view of large sucker from ventral-marginal zone of club of G. steenstrupi. Drawing from Kristensen (1981).

  3. Head
    1. Beaks
      1. Upper beak with long, strong, heavily pigmented rostrum; jaw angle obtuse; shoulder nearly straight with small swelling near jaw angle and at opposite end; dorsal crest curved with saddle of pigment.
      2. Lower beak with strong, pointed rostrum; jaw angle clearly obtuse; much of wing unpigmented; most of lateral wall and crest pigmented.
    2. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Side views of beaks of G. steenstrupi. Left - Upper beak, 68 mm GL. Right - Lower beak, 57 mm GL. Drawings from Kristensen (1981).

    3. Radula
      1. Radula with five series of teeth
  4. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
    Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

    Figure. Transverse row of teeth from radula of G. steenstrupi, 57 mm ML. Drawing from Kristensen (1981).

  5. Measurements and counts
    Sex  Male
    Holotype
    Male  Male  Female
    Female
     Gladius length
    94 mm
    68 mm  57 mm
    65 mm
    42 mm
     Head length
    22   15  16  19  10
     Head width
     18  14  13  16  11
     Fin length
     45  31  30  37  23
     Fin width
     55  42  39  46  36
     Arm I, length
     44  29  27  38  21
     Arm II, length
     50  33  32  45  25
     Arm III, length  53  34  32  47  38
     Arm IV, length  50  32  32  46  26
     Club length
     22  15  15  19  11
     Funnel cart. length
     13  10  09  10  08
     Nuchal cart. length
     12  08  08  07  07
     1/2 Arm I count
     35  32  32  34  29
     1/2 Arm II count
     34  30  34  37  32
     1/2 Arm III count  35  32  37  39  27
     1/2 Arm IV count
     55  51  52  58  50
    Club sucker count   220  212  200  217  199
     Median stalk sucker count
     159  133  100  89  102
     Dorsal stalk sucker count
     85  77  84  63  57
     Ventral stalk sucker count
     81  72  56  76  53

Comments

The above description is taken from Kristensen (1981) and, except for the table of measurements, is based on the holotype.

About This Page


National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA


University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA

Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Michael Vecchione at and Richard E. Young at

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